PC-01. Early and late complications of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: principles of nursing care

Summary

Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has now proven effective in the treatment of blood diseases, a number of immune diseases and some types of solid tumors. However, it is worth of note that the nursing care in the post-transplant period is an important factor influencing the further quality of life of the recipient after HSCT.

Patients and methods

At the Republican Scientific and Practical Centre for Child Oncology, Haematology and Immunology, 32 allografts and 18 autografts were performed in 2021. Over 7 months of 2022, 10 allografts and 12 autografts were performed. The most frequent complications were toxic dermatitis, mucositis, and enterocolitis. The duties of a nurse of the transplantation department include constant monitoring of vital symptoms observed in the patient (heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation), providing assistance in hygienic procedures, performing local treatment of skin and mucous surfaces, one may perform laser therapy of oral cavity in cases of oral mucositis, as prescribed by the attending physician, control of administered medications, providing care for central venous catheters and nasogastric tubes, urinary catheters. All manipulations are carried out under the conditions of strict sterility and aseptics which should be permanently observed.

Conclusion

Due to well arranged and high-quality work of the transplant nurse the risk of post-transplant complications could be sufficiently reduced.

Keywords

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, complications, nursery.