AA-02. Influence of KIR2DL3 positivity on graft failure development after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation
Ulyana V. Maslikova, Mikhail Yu. Drokov, Ekaterina D. Mikhaltsova, Olga S. Starikova, Maria V. Dovydenko, Olga M. Koroleva, Daria S. Dubnyak, Natalia N. Popova, Anna A. Dmitrova, Zoya V. Konova, Igor Yu. Urybin, Vera A. Vasilyeva, Larisa A. Kuzmina, Ekaterina G. Khamaganova, Elena N. Parovichnikova, Valery G. Savchenko
National Medical Research Center of Hematology, Moscow, Russia
Correspondence:
Ulyana V. Maslikova, +7 (937) 208-86-68, e-mail: maslikova.ulyana@outlook.com
Summary
Graft failure (GF) is a group of complications that often occurs in the early stages after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) and leads to increase in mortality due to hemorrhagic and infectious complications. This group includes direct graft failure, as well as poor graft function. There are risk factors for GF that may be associated with underlying disease, transplantation type or pre-transplant conditioning performed, and post-transplant events. The incidence of this complication in incompatible transplants does not change with time, which forces us to look for new risk factors and possible ways of influencing them. One of the less-studied factors is the alloreactivity of natural killer cells (NK) in the graft towards the host. The aim of present study was to study the effect of inhibitory killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR2DL3) on the development of graft failure in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells recipients with malignant and non-malignant diseases.
Materials and methods
The study dealt with blood samples from 66 hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP) using KIR Genotyping SSP Kit (IBAG Healthcare, Germany). The effect of the presence of KIR2DL3 on the development of graft failure was assessed. Statistical analysis of the data was carried out using R 4.1. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to assess the statistical significance of differences between two independent samples. Differences were considered significant at p <0.05.
Results
Figure 1 shows the effect of the presence of KIR2DL3 on the development of graft failure. According to the data obtained, the absence of this KIR in a recipient of hematopoietic stem cells associated with a significantly increased risk of GF development.
Figure 1. Influence of KIR2DL3 presence on graft failure development
Conclusions
The data obtained indicate that the absence of inhibitory KIR2DL3 in the recipient may increase the risk of developing graft failure. Taking into account the little experience gained both in our observations and in the literature, further research is important.
Keywords
Killer immunogobulin-like receptor, natural killer cells, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation, graft failure.
